Trimethobenzamide

Generic Name: Trimethobenzamide hydrochloride
Dosage Form: Capsules

Rx only

Trimethobenzamide Description

Chemically, Trimethobenzamide HCl is N-[p-[2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy]benzyl]-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzamide monohydrochloride and has the molecular formula of C21H28N2O5•HCl. It has a molecular weight of 424.92 and the following structural formula:

Each capsule for oral use contains Trimethobenzamide hydrochloride equivalent to 300 mg.

Inactive Ingredients: Gelatin, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, sodium starch glycolate, FDA/E172 Red Iron Oxide, titanium dioxide. The imprinting ink contains FD&C Blue #2, FD&C Red #40, FD&C Blue #1 and D&C Yellow #10 Lake.

Trimethobenzamide - Clinical Pharmacology

Mechanism of Action

The mechanism of action of Trimethobenzamide hydrochloride capsules as determined in animals is obscure, but may involve the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ), an area in the medulla oblongata through which emetic impulses are conveyed to the vomiting center; direct impulses to the vomiting center apparently are not similarly inhibited. In dogs pretreated with Trimethobenzamide HCl, the emetic response to apomorphine is inhibited, while little or no protection is afforded against emesis induced by intragastric copper sulfate.

Pharmacokinetics

The pharmacokinetics of Trimethobenzamide have been studied in healthy adult subjects.

Following administration of 200 mg (100 mg/mL) Trimethobenzamide hydrochloride I.M. injection, the time to reach maximum plasma concentration (Tmax) was about half an hour, about 15 minutes longer for Trimethobenzamide hydrochloride 300 mg oral capsule than an I.M. injection. A single dose of Trimethobenzamide 300 mg oral capsule provided a plasma concentration profile of Trimethobenzamide similar to Trimethobenzamide hydrochloride 200 mg I.M. The relative bioavailability of the capsule formulation compared to the solution is 100%. The mean elimination half-life of Trimethobenzamide is 7 to 9 hours.

Special Populations

Gender

Systemic exposure to Trimethobenzamide was similar between men (N=40) and women (N=28).

Race

Pharmacokinetics appeared to be similar for Caucasians (N=53) and African Americans (N=12).

Indications and Usage for Trimethobenzamide

Trimethobenzamide HCl capsules are indicated for the treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting and for nausea associated with gastroenteritis.

Contraindications

Use of any dosage form in patients with known hypersensitivity to Trimethobenzamide are contraindicated.

Warnings

Caution should be exercised when administering Trimethobenzamide hydrochloride capsules to children for the treatment of vomiting.

Antiemetics are not recommended for treatment of uncomplicated vomiting in children and their use should be limited to prolonged vomiting of known etiology. There are three principal reasons for caution:

1. The extrapyramidal symptoms which can occur secondary to Trimethobenzamide hydrochloride may be confused with the central nervous system signs of an undiagnosed primary disease responsible for the the vomiting, e.g., Reye"s syndrome or other encephalopathy.
2. It has been suspected that drugs with hepatotoxic potential, such as Trimethobenzamide hydrochloride, may unfavorably alter the course of Reye"s syndrome. Such drugs should therefore be avoided in children whose signs and symptoms (vomiting) could represent Reye"s syndrome.

Trimethobenzamide hydrochloride capsules may produce drowsiness. Patients should not operate motor vehicles or other dangerous machinery until their individual responses have been determined.

Usage in Pregnancy

Trimethobenzamide hydrochloride was studied in reproduction experiments in rats and rabbits and no teratogenicity was suggested. The only effects observed were an increased percentage of embryonic resorptions or stillborn pups in rats administered 20 mg and 100 mg/kg and increased resorptions in rabbits receiving 100 mg/kg. In each study these adverse effects were attributed to one or two dams. The relevance to humans is not known. Since there is no adequate experience in pregnant or lactating women who have received this drug, safety in pregnancy or in nursing mothers has not been established.

Usage with Alcohol

Concomitant use of alcohol with Trimethobenzamide hydrochloride capsules may result in an adverse drug interaction.

Precautions

During the course of acute febrile illness, encephalitides, gastroenteritis, dehydration and electrolyte imbalance, especially in children and the elderly or debilitated, CNS reactions such as opisthotonos, convulsions, coma and extrapyramidal symptoms have been reported with and without use of Trimethobenzamide hydrochloride or other antiemetic agents. In such disorders caution should be exercised in administering Trimethobenzamide HCl capsules, particularly to patients who have recently received other CNS-acting agents (phenothiazines, barbiturates, belladonna derivatives). Primary emphasis should be directed toward the restoration of body fluids and electrolyte balance, the relief of fever and relief of the causative disease process. Overhydration should be avoided since it may result in cerebral edema.

The antiemetic effects of Trimethobenzamide HCl capsules may render diagnosis more difficult in such conditions as appendicitis and obscure signs of toxicity due to overdosage of other drugs.

Adverse Reactions

There have been reports of hypersensitivity reactions and Parkinson-like symptoms. There have been instances of hypotension reported following parenteral administration to surgical patients. There have been reports of blood dyscrasias, blurring of vision, coma, convulsions, depression of mood, diarrhea, disorientation, dizziness, drowsiness, headache, jaundice, muscle cramps and opisthotonos. If these occur, the administration of the drug should be discontinued. Allergic-type skin reactions have been observed; therefore, the drug should be discontinued at the first sign of sensitization. While these symptoms will usually disappear spontaneously, symptomatic treatment may be indicated in some cases.

Trimethobenzamide Dosage and Administration

(See WARNINGS and PRECAUTIONS.)

Dosage should be adjusted according to the indication for therapy, severity of symptoms and the response of the patient.

CAPSULES, 300 mg

Usual Adult Dosage

One 300 mg capsule t..i.d. or q.i.d.

How is Trimethobenzamide Supplied

Trimethobenzamide hydrochloride capsules are supplied as follows:

Trimethobenzamide hydrochloride capsules 300 mg, swedish orange opaque, imprinted MUTUAL over 401 on both the body and cap.

Bottles of 30 unit of use                    NDC 53489-376-07
Bottles of 60 unit of use                    NDC 53489-376-06
Bottles of 100                                  NDC 53489-376-01
Bottles of 250                                  NDC 53489-376-03
Bottles of 500                                  NDC 53489-376-05
Bottles of 1000                                NDC 53489-376-10

Store at 20°-25°C (68°-77°F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature]

DISPENSE IN TIGHT, LIGHT-RESISTANT CONTAINER.

Manufactured By
Mutual Pharmaceutical Company, Inc.
Philadelphia, PA 19124 USA

Rev: May 2003NP

Trimethobenzamide Hydrochloride (Trimethobenzamide Hydrochloride)

PRODUCT INFO Product Code 53489-376 Dosage Form CAPSULE Route Of Administration ORAL DEA Schedule

INGREDIENTS Name (Active Moiety) Type Strength Trimethobenzamide Hydrochloride (Trimethobenzamide) Active 300 MILLIGRAM  In 1 CAPSULE Gelatin Inactive   Magnesium Stearate Inactive   Microcrystalline Cellulose Inactive   Sodium Starch Glycolate Inactive   FDA/E172 Red Iron Oxide Inactive   Titanium Dioxide Inactive   FD&C Blue # 2 Inactive   FD&C Red # 40 Inactive   FD&C Blue # 1 Inactive   D&C Yellow # 10 Lake Inactive

IMPRINT INFORMATION Characteristic Appearance Characteristic Appearance Color ORANGE (Swedish Orange Opaque) Score 1 Shape CAPSULE Symbol false Imprint Code Mutual;401 Coating false Size 18mm

PACKAGING # NDC Package Description Multilevel Packaging 1 53489-376-07 30 CAPSULE In 1 BOTTLE, PLASTIC None 2 53489-376-06 60 CAPSULE In 1 BOTTLE, PLASTIC None 3 53489-376-01 100 CAPSULE In 1 BOTTLE, PLASTIC None 4 53489-376-03 250 CAPSULE In 1 BOTTLE, PLASTIC None 5 53489-376-05 500 CAPSULE In 1 BOTTLE, PLASTIC None 6 53489-376-10 1000 CAPSULE In 1 BOTTLE, PLASTIC None

Revised: 12/2006