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Pneumovax 23, |pneumococcal polysaccharides vaccine

pneumococcal polysaccharides vaccine (PPV), 23-valent

Generic Name: pneumococcal polysaccharides vaccine (PPV), 23-valent (new mo KOK al pol ee SAK a rides VAX een 23-VAY lent)
Brand Names: Pneumovax 23

What is pneumococcal polysaccharides vaccine (PPV)?

Pneumococcal disease is a serious infection caused by a bacteria. Pneumococcal bacteria can infect the sinuses and inner ear. It can also infect the lungs, blood, and brain and these conditions can be fatal.

Pneumococcal polysaccharides vaccine (PPV) is used to prevent infection caused by pneumococcal bacteria. PPV contains 23 of the most common types of pneumococcal bacteria.

PPV works by exposing you to a small dose of the bacteria or a protein from the bacteria, which causes your body to develop immunity to the disease. PPV will not treat an active infection that has already developed in the body.

Developing pneumococcal disease (such as pneumonia or meningitis) is much more dangerous to your health than receiving this vaccine. However, like any medicine, this vaccine can cause side effects. The risk of serious side effects is extremely low.

Like any vaccine, PPV may not provide protection from disease in every person.

What is the most important information I should know about pneumococcal polysaccharides vaccine (PPV)?

You can still receive a vaccine if you have a minor cold. However, if you are moderately or severely ill with a fever or any type of infection, wait until you recover before receiving this vaccine.

PPV can be given at the same time as other vaccinations.

Developing pneumococcal disease (such as pneumonia or meningitis) is much more dangerous to your health than receiving this vaccine. However, like any medicine, this vaccine can cause side effects. The risk of serious side effects is extremely low.

What should I discuss with my healthcare provider before receiving pneumococcal polysaccharides vaccine (PPV)?

Before receiving PPV, tell your doctor if you are allergic to any drugs, or if you have:

• Hodgkin"s disease;

• severe heart disease or breathing problems;

• any condition that weakens your immune system (such as HIV, AIDS, or cancer);

• a history of organ or bone marrow transplant;

• if you are receiving chemotherapy or radiation treatments; or

• if you are scheduled to have your spleen removed (splenectomy).

The timing of when you receive this vaccine will depend on whether any of these conditions affects you.

How is pneumococcal polysaccharides vaccine (PPV) given?

PPV is given as an injection under the skin or into a muscle of your arm or thigh. Your doctor, nurse, or other healthcare provider will give you this injection.

You can still receive a vaccine if you have a minor cold. However, if you are moderately or severely ill with a fever or any type of infection, wait until you recover before receiving this vaccine.

PPV is usually given in the following situations:

• as a routine vaccination in people who are 50 years and older;

• in people with heart disease, lung disease, diabetes, or a cerebrospinal fluid leak;

• in people with alcoholism or liver disease (including cirrhosis);

• in people with sickle cell disease or a disorder of the spleen;

• in people who live among certain populations where pneumococcal disease may be more common; and

• in people with weak immune systems caused by HIV, cancer, kidney failure, organ transplantation, or chemotherapy.

PPV should be given at least 2 weeks before the start of any treatment that can weaken your immune system. PPV is also given at least 2 weeks before you undergo a splenectomy (surgical removal of the spleen).

Your doctor may recommend an aspirin-free pain reliever to prevent pain or fever that can occur with your vaccination. Over-the-counter pain relievers include acetaminophen (Tylenol, Tempra, others) or ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil, others). Take this medication when the shot is given and for the next 24 hours, unless your doctor tells you otherwise. Use only the dose your doctor recommends.

If your doctor has prescribed an antibiotic (such as penicillin) to help prevent infection with pneumococcal bacteria, do not stop using the antibiotic after you receive the PPV. Take the antibiotic for the entire length of time prescribed by your doctor.

Most people receive only one PPV shot during their lifetime. However, people in certain age groups or with certain disease conditions that put them at risk of infection may need to receive more than one vaccine. Before receiving this vaccine, tell your doctor if you have received a pneumococcal vaccine within the past 3 to 5 years.

What happens if I miss a dose?

Since PPV is usually given only one time, you will most likely not be on a dosing schedule. If you are receiving a repeat PPV shot, be sure to tell your doctor if it has been less than 5 years since you last received a pneumococcal vaccine.

What happens if I overdose?

An overdose of PPV is not likely to occur.

What should I avoid before or after getting pneumococcal polysaccharides vaccine (PPV)?

Avoid receiving this vaccine while you are undergoing chemotherapy or radiation treatments. You may need to wait until it has been several months after you have completed your treatments. Follow your doctor"s instructions.

What are the possible side effects of pneumococcal polysaccharides vaccine (PPV)?

• high fever (103 degrees or higher);

• easy bruising or bleeding; or

• severe pain, itching, irritation, or skin changes where the shot was given.

• mild soreness, warmth, redness, swelling, or a hard lump where the shot was given;

• weakness, tired feeling;

• joint or muscle pain;

• headache, numbness or tingling;

• low fever (102 degrees or less), chills;

• nausea, vomiting; or

• mild skin rash.

Side effects other than those listed here may also occur. Contact your doctor about any side effect that seems unusual or that is especially bothersome.

What other drugs will affect pneumococcal polysaccharides vaccine (PPV)?

PPV can be given at the same time as other vaccinations.

Talk to your doctor before receiving PPV if you are using any of the following medications that may affect the immune system:

• azathioprine (Imuran);

• basiliximab (Simulect);

• cyclosporine (Sandimmune, Neoral, Gengraf);

• etanercept (Enbrel);

• leflunomide (Arava);

• muromonab-CD3 (Orthoclone);

• mycophenolate mofetil (CellCept);

• sirolimus (Rapamune);

• tacrolimus (Prograf);

• chemotherapy or radiation treatment for cancer;

• a steroid medicine such as betamethasone (Celestone), cortisone (Cortone), dexamethasone (Decadron, Dexone), hydrocortisone (Cortef, Hydrocortone), methylprednisolone (Medrol), prednisolone (Prelone, Pediapred), prednisone (Orasone, Deltasone), triamcinolone (Aristocort), and others; or

• an inhaled or nasal steroid such as beclomethasone (Qvar, Beclovent, Beconase, Vanceril, Vancenase), budesonide (Pulmicort, Rhinocort), flunisolide (Aerobid, Nasalide, Nasarel), fluticasone (Flovent, Flonase), mometasone (Nasonex), or triamcinolone (Azmacort, Nasacort).

If you are using any of these drugs, you may not be able to receive PPV or you may need dosage adjustments or special tests during treatment.

There may be other drugs not listed that can affect PPV. Tell your doctor about all the prescription and over-the-counter medications you use. This includes vitamins, minerals, herbal products, and drugs prescribed by other doctors. Do not start using a new medication without telling your doctor.

Where can I get more information?

• Your doctor or pharmacist may have additional information about pneumococcal polysaccharides vaccine. You may also find additional information from your local health department or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

• Remember, keep this and all other medicines out of the reach of children, never share medicines with others, and use this medication only for the indication prescribed.
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