pneumococcal polysaccharides vaccine

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Pneumovax 23, |pneumococcal polysaccharides vaccine

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pneumococcal polysaccharides vaccine (PPV), 23-valent

Generic Name: pneumococcal polysaccharides vaccine (PPV), 23-valent (new mo KOK al pol ee SAK a rides VAX een 23-VAY lent)
Brand Names: Pneumovax 23

What is pneumococcal polysaccharides vaccine (PPV)?

Pneumococcal disease is a serious infection caused by a bacteria. Pneumococcal bacteria can infect the sinuses and inner ear. It can also infect the lungs, blood, and brain and these conditions can be fatal.

Pneumococcal polysaccharides vaccine (PPV) is used to prevent infection caused by pneumococcal bacteria. PPV contains 23 of the most common types of pneumococcal bacteria.

PPV works by exposing you to a small dose of the bacteria or a protein from the bacteria, which causes your body to develop immunity to the disease. PPV will not treat an active infection that has already developed in the body.

PPV is for use only in adults and children who are at least 2 years old. For children younger than 2 years old, another vaccine called Prevnar (pneumococcal conjugate vaccine [PCV] 7-valent) is used, usually given between the ages of 2 months and 15 months.

Developing pneumococcal disease (such as pneumonia or meningitis) is much more dangerous to your health than receiving this vaccine. However, like any medicine, this vaccine can cause side effects. The risk of serious side effects is extremely low.

Like any vaccine, PPV may not provide protection from disease in every person.

What is the most important information I should know about pneumococcal polysaccharides vaccine (PPV)?

Keep track of any and all side effects you have after receiving this vaccine. If you ever have to receive another pneumococcal vaccine in the future, you will need to tell the doctor if the first shot caused any side effects.

You can still receive a vaccine if you have a minor cold. However, if you are moderately or severely ill with a fever or any type of infection, wait until you recover before receiving this vaccine.

PPV can be given at the same time as other vaccinations.

Developing pneumococcal disease (such as pneumonia or meningitis) is much more dangerous to your health than receiving this vaccine. However, like any medicine, this vaccine can cause side effects. The risk of serious side effects is extremely low.

What should I discuss with my healthcare provider before receiving pneumococcal polysaccharides vaccine (PPV)?

Keep track of any and all side effects you have after receiving PPV. If you ever have to receive another pneumococcal vaccine in the future, you will need to tell the doctor if the first shot caused any side effects. Do not receive this vaccine if you have ever had an allergic reaction to a pneumococcal vaccine.

Before receiving PPV, tell your doctor if you are allergic to any drugs, or if you have:

  • Hodgkin"s disease;

  • severe heart disease or breathing problems;

  • any condition that weakens your immune system (such as HIV, AIDS, or cancer);

  • a history of organ or bone marrow transplant;

  • if you are receiving chemotherapy or radiation treatments; or

  • if you are scheduled to have your spleen removed (splenectomy).

The timing of when you receive this vaccine will depend on whether any of these conditions affects you.

FDA pregnancy category C. This vaccine may be harmful to an unborn baby. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant soon after receiving the vaccine. It is not known whether PPV passes into breast milk or if it could harm a nursing baby. Do not use this medication without telling your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby.

How is pneumococcal polysaccharides vaccine (PPV) given?

PPV is given as an injection under the skin or into a muscle of your arm or thigh. Your doctor, nurse, or other healthcare provider will give you this injection.

You can still receive a vaccine if you have a minor cold. However, if you are moderately or severely ill with a fever or any type of infection, wait until you recover before receiving this vaccine.

PPV is usually given in the following situations:

  • as a routine vaccination in people who are 50 years and older;

  • in people with heart disease, lung disease, diabetes, or a cerebrospinal fluid leak;

  • in people with alcoholism or liver disease (including cirrhosis);

  • in people with sickle cell disease or a disorder of the spleen;

  • in people who live among certain populations where pneumococcal disease may be more common; and

  • in people with weak immune systems caused by HIV, cancer, kidney failure, organ transplantation, or chemotherapy.

PPV should be given at least 2 weeks before the start of any treatment that can weaken your immune system. PPV is also given at least 2 weeks before you undergo a splenectomy (surgical removal of the spleen).

The timing of this vaccination is very important for it to be effective. Follow your doctor"s instructions.

Your doctor may recommend an aspirin-free pain reliever to prevent pain or fever that can occur with your vaccination. Over-the-counter pain relievers include acetaminophen (Tylenol, Tempra, others) or ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil, others). Take this medication when the shot is given and for the next 24 hours, unless your doctor tells you otherwise. Use only the dose your doctor recommends.

If your doctor has prescribed an antibiotic (such as penicillin) to help prevent infection with pneumococcal bacteria, do not stop using the antibiotic after you receive the PPV. Take the antibiotic for the entire length of time prescribed by your doctor.

Most people receive only one PPV shot during their lifetime. However, people in certain age groups or with certain disease conditions that put them at risk of infection may need to receive more than one vaccine. Before receiving this vaccine, tell your doctor if you have received a pneumococcal vaccine within the past 3 to 5 years.

What happens if I miss a dose?

Since PPV is usually given only one time, you will most likely not be on a dosing schedule. If you are receiving a repeat PPV shot, be sure to tell your doctor if it has been less than 5 years since you last received a pneumococcal vaccine.

What happens if I overdose?

An overdose of PPV is not likely to occur.

What should I avoid before or after getting pneumococcal polysaccharides vaccine (PPV)?

Avoid receiving this vaccine while you are undergoing chemotherapy or radiation treatments. You may need to wait until it has been several months after you have completed your treatments. Follow your doctor"s instructions.

What are the possible side effects of pneumococcal polysaccharides vaccine (PPV)?

Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Call your doctor at once if you have any of these serious side effects:
  • high fever (103 degrees or higher);

  • easy bruising or bleeding; or

  • severe pain, itching, irritation, or skin changes where the shot was given.

Less serious side effects are more likely to occur, such as:
  • mild soreness, warmth, redness, swelling, or a hard lump where the shot was given;

  • weakness, tired feeling;

  • joint or muscle pain;

  • headache, numbness or tingling;

  • low fever (102 degrees or less), chills;

  • nausea, vomiting; or

  • mild skin rash.

Side effects other than those listed here may also occur. Contact your doctor about any side effect that seems unusual or that is especially bothersome.

What other drugs will affect pneumococcal polysaccharides vaccine (PPV)?

PPV can be given at the same time as other vaccinations.

Talk to your doctor before receiving PPV if you are using any of the following medications that may affect the immune system:

  • azathioprine (Imuran);

  • basiliximab (Simulect);

  • cyclosporine (Sandimmune, Neoral, Gengraf);

  • etanercept (Enbrel);

  • leflunomide (Arava);

  • muromonab-CD3 (Orthoclone);

  • mycophenolate mofetil (CellCept);

  • sirolimus (Rapamune);

  • tacrolimus (Prograf);

  • chemotherapy or radiation treatment for cancer;

  • a steroid medicine such as betamethasone (Celestone), cortisone (Cortone), dexamethasone (Decadron, Dexone), hydrocortisone (Cortef, Hydrocortone), methylprednisolone (Medrol), prednisolone (Prelone, Pediapred), prednisone (Orasone, Deltasone), triamcinolone (Aristocort), and others; or

  • an inhaled or nasal steroid such as beclomethasone (Qvar, Beclovent, Beconase, Vanceril, Vancenase), budesonide (Pulmicort, Rhinocort), flunisolide (Aerobid, Nasalide, Nasarel), fluticasone (Flovent, Flonase), mometasone (Nasonex), or triamcinolone (Azmacort, Nasacort).

If you are using any of these drugs, you may not be able to receive PPV or you may need dosage adjustments or special tests during treatment.

There may be other drugs not listed that can affect PPV. Tell your doctor about all the prescription and over-the-counter medications you use. This includes vitamins, minerals, herbal products, and drugs prescribed by other doctors. Do not start using a new medication without telling your doctor.

Where can I get more information?

  • Your doctor or pharmacist may have additional information about pneumococcal polysaccharides vaccine. You may also find additional information from your local health department or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

  • Remember, keep this and all other medicines out of the reach of children, never share medicines with others, and use this medication only for the indication prescribed.
  • Every effort has been made to ensure that the information provided by Cerner Multum, Inc. ("Multum") is accurate, up-to-date, and complete, but no guarantee is made to that effect. Drug information contained herein may be time sensitive. Multum information has been compiled for use by healthcare practitioners and consumers in the United States and therefore Multum does not warrant that uses outside of the United States are appropriate, unless specifically indicated otherwise. Multum"s drug information does not endorse drugs, diagnose patients or recommend therapy. Multum"s drug information is an informational resource designed to assist licensed healthcare practitioners in caring for their patients and/or to serve consumers viewing this service as a supplement to, and not a substitute for, the expertise, skill, knowledge and judgment of healthcare practitioners. The absence of a warning for a given drug or drug combination in no way should be construed to indicate that the drug or drug combination is safe, effective or appropriate for any given patient. Multum does not assume any responsibility for any aspect of healthcare administered with the aid of information Multum provides. The information contained herein is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, warnings, drug interactions, allergic reactions, or adverse effects. If you have questions about the drugs you are taking, check with your doctor, nurse or pharmacist.
Copyright 1996-2006 Cerner Multum, Inc. Version: 1.02. Revision Date: 9/27/06 3:11:48 PM.



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