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|Phenytoin

Phenytoin

Phenytoin is used for:

Treating certain types of seizures and preventing and treating seizures during surgery of the nervous system. It may also be used for other conditions as determined by your doctor.

Phenytoin is an anticonvulsant. It works by slowing abnormal nerve impulses in the brain that cause seizures.

Do NOT use Phenytoin if:

• you are allergic to any ingredient in Phenytoin
• you have an abnormally slow heartbeat or a certain type of irregular heartbeat (eg, heart block, Adams-Stokes syndrome)

Contact your doctor or health care provider right away if any of these apply to you.

Before using Phenytoin :

Some medical conditions may interact with this medicine. Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you have any medical conditions, especially if any of the following apply to you:

• if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or are breast-feeding
• if you are taking any prescription or nonprescription medicine, herbal preparation, or dietary supplement
• if you have allergies to medicines, foods, or other substances
• if you have the blood disease porphyria, low blood pressure with heart failure, lymph node problems (eg, pain, swelling, lymphoma), or liver disease, or if you use alcohol

Some MEDICINES MAY INTERACT with Phenytoin . Tell your health care provider if you are taking any other medicines, especially any of the following:

• Acyclovir, alcohol, antineoplastic agents (eg, cyclophosphamide), carbamazepine, chloral hydrate, corticosteroids, diazoxide, folic acid, loxapine, nitrofurantoin, pyridoxine, quinolones (eg, ciprofloxacin), rifampin, sucralfate, theophyllines, or vigabatrin because the effectiveness of Phenytoin may be decreased
• Allopurinol, amiodarone, benzodiazepines (eg, diazepam), chloramphenicol, chlorpheniramine, cimetidine, diltiazem, disulfiram, ethosuximide, felbamate, fluconazole, fluorouracil, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, gabapentin, halothane, isoniazid, immune globulins, macrolide immunosuppressants (eg, tacrolimus), miconazole, modafinil, nifedipine, nisoldipine, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (eg, ibuprofen), omeprazole, phenacemide, pheneturide, phenothiazines (eg, chlorpromazine), phenylbutazone, ranitidine, sulthiame, sertraline, stiripentol, sulfonamides (eg, sulfamethoxazole), sulfonylureas (eg, glyburide), tamoxifen, ticlopidine, tizanidine, topiramate, trazodone, tricyclic antidepressants (eg, amitriptyline), trimethoprim, valproic acid, viloxazine, or voriconazole because the side effects and toxic effects of Phenytoin may be increased and dosage may need to be adjusted
• Amiodarone, anticoagulants (eg, warfarin), carbamazepine, clobazam, clozapine, corticosteroids (eg, prednisone), cyclosporine, digitalis glycosides (eg, digoxin), disopyramide, doxycycline, estrogens (eg, estradiol), ethosuximide, felodipine, gefitinib, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (eg, simvastatin), imatinib, itraconazole, ketoconazole, macrolide immunosuppressants, mexiletine, nisoldipine, nondepolarizing muscle relaxants (eg, atracurium), praziquantel, primidone, psoralens (eg, oxsoralen), quetiapine, quinidine, steroidal or oral contraceptives (birth control pills, progestins), sulfonylureas (eg, glyburide), sympathomimetics (certain stimulants [eg, albuterol, amphetamine, pseudoephedrine]), teniposide, tetracyclic antidepressants (eg, trazodone), theophylline, topiramate, topoisomerase inhibitors (eg, irinotecan), verapamil, or valproic acid because the effectiveness of these medicines may be decreased
• Anticoagulants (eg, warfarin), digitalis glycosides (eg, digoxin), disopyramide, immune globulins, lithium, risperidone, or sertraline because the side effects and toxic effects of these medicines may be increased

This may not be a complete list of all interactions that may occur. Ask your health care provider if Phenytoin may interact with other medicines that you take. Check with your health care provider before you start, stop, or change the dose of any medicine.

How to use Phenytoin :

Use Phenytoin as directed by your doctor. Check the label on the medicine for exact dosing instructions.

• Phenytoin is usually given as an injection at your doctor"s office, hospital, or clinic. If you will be using Phenytoin at home, a health care provider will teach you how to use it. Be sure you understand how to use Phenytoin . Follow the procedures you are taught when you use a dose. Contact your health care provider if you have any questions.
• Do not use Phenytoin if it contains particles, is cloudy or discolored, or if the vial is cracked or damaged. However, if a faint yellow color develops, this has no effect on the strength of Phenytoin .
• Keep this product, as well as syringes and needles, out of the reach of children and pets. Do not reuse needles, syringes, or other materials. Ask your health care provider how to dispose of these materials after use. Follow all local rules for disposal.
• If you miss a dose of Phenytoin , contact your doctor right away.

Ask your health care provider any questions you may have about how to use Phenytoin .

Important safety information:

• Phenytoin may cause drowsiness, dizziness, or blurred vision. These effects may be worse if you take it with alcohol or certain medicines. Use Phenytoin with caution. Do not drive or perform other possibly unsafe tasks until you know how you react to it.
• Tell your doctor or dentist that you take Phenytoin before you receive any medical or dental care, emergency care, or surgery.
• Proper dental care is important while you are taking Phenytoin . Brush and floss your teeth and visit the dentist regularly.
• Do not drink alcohol while you are using Phenytoin without checking with your health care provider.
• Phenytoin may be irritating to veins. Follow each injection of Phenytoin with an injection of saline through the same needle or intravenous (IV) catheter.
• Diabetes patients - Phenytoin may affect your blood sugar. Check blood sugar levels closely. Ask your doctor before you change the dose of your diabetes medicine.
• LAB TESTS, including phenytoin serum levels, may be performed while you use Phenytoin . These tests may be used to monitor your condition or check for side effects. Be sure to keep all doctor and lab appointments.
• Hormonal birth control (eg, birth control pills) may not work as well while you are using Phenytoin . To prevent pregnancy, use an extra form of birth control (eg, condoms).
• PREGNANCY and BREAST-FEEDING: Phenytoin has been shown to cause harm to the fetus. If you think you may be pregnant, contact your doctor. You will need to discuss the benefits and risks of using Phenytoin while you are pregnant. Phenytoin is found in breast milk. Do not breast-feed while taking Phenytoin .

Possible side effects of Phenytoin :

All medicines may cause side effects, but many people have no, or minor, side effects. Check with your doctor if any of these most COMMON side effects persist or become bothersome:

Confusion; dizziness; drowsiness; nausea; vomiting.

Severe allergic reactions (rash; hives; itching; difficulty breathing; tightness in the chest; swelling of the mouth, face, lips, or tongue); abnormal muscle movements; back and forth eye movements; blurred or double vision; chest pain; clumsiness or unsteadiness; fever or sore throat; irregular heartbeat; joint pain; pain, swelling, or tenderness of the lymph nodes; rash; severe stomach pain; shaky movements; slurred speech; staggering walk; swollen or tender gums; unusual bruising or bleeding; yellowing of the skin or eyes.

This is not a complete list of all side effects that may occur. If you have questions or need medical advice about side effects, contact your doctor or health care provider. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 (1-800-332-1088) or at http://www.fda.gov/medwatch.

If OVERDOSE is suspected:

Contact 1-800-222-1222 (the American Association of Poison Control Centers), your local poison control center (http://www.aapcc.org/findyour.htm), or emergency room immediately. Symptoms may include confusion; dizziness; drowsiness; loss of consciousness; nausea; slurred speech; tremor; unsteadiness; unusual eye movements.

Store Phenytoin at room temperature, between 68 and 77 degrees F (20 and 25 degrees C). Protect from freezing. Store away from heat, moisture, and light. Do not store in the bathroom. Keep Phenytoin out of the reach of children and away from pets.

General information:

• If you have any questions about Phenytoin , please talk with your doctor, pharmacist, or other health care provider.
• Phenytoin is to be used only by the patient for whom it is prescribed. Do not share it with other people.
• If your symptoms do not improve or if they become worse, check with your doctor.

This information is a summary only. It does not contain all information about Phenytoin . If you have questions about the medicine you are taking or would like more information, check with your doctor, pharmacist, or other health care provider.