Nitroglycerin

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Nitroglycerin


Generic Name: Nitroglycerin Injection (nye-troe-GLI-ser-in)
Brand Name: Generic only. No brands available.

Nitroglycerin is used for:

Treating high blood pressure during surgery, controlling congestive heart failure associated with heart attack, treating chest pain in certain patients, and lowering blood pressure during surgery.

Nitroglycerin is a nitrate vasodilator. It works by relaxing blood vessels in the body, which allows them to widen (dilate). This allows more blood to flow through the blood vessels easier, which reduces the workload on the heart.

Do NOT use Nitroglycerin if:

  • you are allergic to any ingredient in Nitroglycerin
  • you have bleeding in the brain, swelling of the sac surrounding the heart, or interference of blood returning to the heart
  • you are allergic to corn or corn products
  • you are currently taking a phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor (eg, sildenafil)

Contact your doctor or health care provider right away if any of these apply to you.

Before using Nitroglycerin :

Some medical conditions may interact with Nitroglycerin . Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you have any medical conditions, especially if any of the following apply to you:

  • if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or are breast-feeding
  • if you are taking any prescription or nonprescription medicine, herbal preparation, or dietary supplement
  • if you have allergies to medicines, foods, or other substances
  • if you have heart problems, severe anemia, low blood pressure, or an overactive thyroid, or you are dehydrated
  • if you have diabetes
  • if you have had a recent head injury or heart attack

Some MEDICINES MAY INTERACT with Nitroglycerin . Tell your health care provider if you are taking any other medicines, especially any of the following:

  • Calcium channel blockers (eg, verapamil) or phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (eg, sildenafil) because side effects, such as low blood pressure, may occur
  • Alteplase because the effectiveness of Nitroglycerin may be decreased

This may not be a complete list of all interactions that may occur. Ask your health care provider if Nitroglycerin may interact with other medicines that you take. Check with your health care provider before you start, stop, or change the dose of any medicine.

How to use Nitroglycerin :

Use Nitroglycerin as directed by your doctor. Check the label on the medicine for exact dosing instructions.

  • Nitroglycerin is usually administered as an injection at your doctor"s office, hospital, or clinic. If you are using Nitroglycerin at home, carefully follow the injection procedures taught to you by your health care provider.
  • Nitroglycerin must be mixed only in glass containers and administered with the set provided. Do not mix with other medicines.
  • Nitroglycerin is not for direct injection but must be diluted before use in either 5% dextrose or 0.9% sodium chloride for injection.
  • If you miss a dose of Nitroglycerin , contact your doctor right away.

Ask your health care provider any questions you may have about how to use Nitroglycerin .

Important safety information:

  • Nitroglycerin may cause dizziness. Do not drive, operate machinery, or do anything else that could be dangerous until you know how you react to Nitroglycerin . Using Nitroglycerin alone, with certain other medicines, or with alcohol may lessen your ability to drive or to perform other potentially dangerous tasks.
  • Nitroglycerin may cause dizziness, lightheadedness, or fainting. Alcohol, hot weather, exercise, and fever can increase these effects. To prevent them, sit up or stand slowly, especially in the morning. Also, sit or lie down at the first sign of dizziness, lightheadedness, or weakness.
  • Do not drink alcohol while you are using Nitroglycerin . Alcohol toxicity has occurred in patients on high-dose intravenous injection. Certain medicines (eg, disulfiram, cephalosporins, furazolidone, metronidazole, monoamine oxidase [MAO] inhibitors) may increase the risk of alcohol toxicity if you drink alcohol while using Nitroglycerin .
  • Diabetes patients - Nitroglycerin contains the sugar dextrose. Use with caution.
  • LAB TESTS, such as blood pressure and heart rate, may be performed to monitor your progress or to check for side effects. Be sure to keep all doctor and lab appointments.
  • Use Nitroglycerin with caution in the ELDERLY because they may be more sensitive to its effects.
  • Nitroglycerin is not recommended for use in CHILDREN; safety and effectiveness have not been confirmed.
  • PREGNANCY and BREAST-FEEDING: If you become pregnant, discuss with your doctor the benefits and risks of using Nitroglycerin during pregnancy. Nitroglycerin is excreted in breast milk. Do not breast-feed while taking Nitroglycerin .

When used for long periods of time without a break, Nitroglycerin may not work as well. This is known as TOLERANCE. Tolerance to other nitrates and nitrites may also occur. Increasing the dose is not effective in managing tolerance to Nitroglycerin . Talk with your doctor if Nitroglycerin stops working well. Do not take more than prescribed.

When used for long periods of time without a break, some people develop a physical need to continue taking Nitroglycerin . This is known as physical DEPENDENCE. Do not suddenly stop taking Nitroglycerin without your doctor"s approval. Stopping Nitroglycerin suddenly may cause serious, possibly life-threatening, WITHDRAWAL symptoms, including chest pain and heart attack. Having a nitrate-free period each day will help prevent tolerance, dependence, and withdrawal problems.

Possible side effects of Nitroglycerin :

All medicines may cause side effects, but many people have no, or minor, side effects. Check with your doctor if any of these most COMMON side effects persist or become bothersome:

Dizziness, lightheadedness, or fainting when sitting up or standing; fast heartbeat; flushing of face and neck; headache; irritation at the injection site; nausea; vomiting.

Seek medical attention right away if any of these SEVERE side effects occur:

Severe allergic reactions (rash; hives; difficulty breathing; tightness in the chest; swelling of the mouth, face, lips, or tongue); fainting; frequent or continuous chest pain.

This is not a complete list of all side effects that may occur. If you have questions or need medical advice about side effects, contact your doctor or health care provider. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 (1-800-332-1088) or at http://www.fda.gov/medwatch.

If OVERDOSE is suspected:

Contact 1-800-222-1222 (the American Association of Poison Control Centers), your local poison control center (http://www.aapcc.org/findyour.htm), or emergency room immediately. Symptoms may include changes in heart rate; changes in vision; confusion; dizziness; flushing; nausea; persistent, throbbing headache; sweating; vomiting; weakness.

Proper storage of Nitroglycerin :

Store Nitroglycerin at room temperature between 59 and 86 degrees F (15 and 30 degrees C). Store away from heat, moisture, and light. Do not store in the bathroom. Keep Nitroglycerin out of the reach of children and away from pets.

General information:

  • If you have any questions about Nitroglycerin , please talk with your doctor, pharmacist, or other health care provider.
  • Nitroglycerin is to be used only by the patient for whom it is prescribed. Do not share it with other people.
  • If your symptoms do not improve or if they become worse, check with your doctor.

This information is a summary only. It does not contain all information about Nitroglycerin . If you have questions about the medicine you are taking or would like more information, check with your doctor, pharmacist, or other health care provider.

Issue Date: November 1, 2006
Database Edition 06.4.1.002
Copyright © 2006 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.




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