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|Liothyronine Sodium |
Drugs search, click the first letter of a drug name: | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 8 | 9 Home Liothyronine Sodium( T 3 ; triiodothyronine ) Pronouncation: (lie-oh-THIGH-row-neen SO-deeuhm)Class: Thyroid hormone Trade Names: Trade Names: Mechanism of ActionPharmacologyIncreases metabolic rate of body tissues; is needed for normal growth and maturation. PharmacokineticsAbsorption95% absorbed. DistributionProtein binding is more than 99%. EliminationBiological t ½ is 2.5 days. OnsetWithin a few hr. PeakWithin 2 to 3 days. Indications and UsageReplacement or supplemental therapy in hypothyroidism; TSH suppression for treatment or prevention of euthyroid goiters (eg, thyroid nodules, multinodular goiters, enlargement in chronic thyroiditis); diagnostic agent in suppression tests to differentiate suspected hyperthyroidism from euthyroidism; treatment of myxedema coma/precoma (IV). ContraindicationsAcute MI and thyrotoxicosis uncomplicated by hypothyroidism; coexistence of hypothyroidism and hypoadrenalism (Addison disease), unless treatment of hypoadrenalism with adrenocortical steroids precedes initiation of thyroid therapy. Dosage and AdministrationIndividualize dosage. HypothyroidismAdults PO 25 mcg/day initially, increase by up to 25 mcg q 1 to 2 wk if needed. ChildrenPO 5 mcg/day initially, increase by 5 mcg/day at 2 wk intervals, if needed. Congenital HypothyroidismChildren PO 5 mcg/day initially; increase by 5 mcg/day every 3 to 4 days until desired response achieved. Infants a few mo of age may require only 20 mcg/day for maintenance; at 1 yr, 50 mcg/day may be required; and, above 3 yr, full adult dosage may be required. Simple (Nontoxic) GoiterAdults PO 5 mcg/day initially, increase by 5 to 10 mcg q 1 to 2 wk. When 25 mcg/day is reached, increase by 12.5 to 25 mcg q 1 to 2 wk if needed. ChildrenPO 5 mcg/day initially, increase by 5 mcg/day at 2-wk intervals, if needed. MyxedemaAdults PO 5 mcg/day initially, increase by 5 to 10 mcg q 1 to 2 wk. When 25 mcg/day is reached, increase by 12.5 to 25 mcg q 1 to 2 wk if needed. ChildrenPO 5 mcg/day initially, increase by 5 mcg/day at 2-wk intervals, if needed. Myxedema Coma/PrecomaAdults IV 25 to 50 mcg initially. In patients with known or suspected cardiovascular disease, an initial dose of 10 to 20 mcg is suggested; however, base doses on continuous monitoring of the condition and response to therapy. TSH Suppression TestAdults PO 75 to 100 mcg/day for 7 days. Storage/StabilityStore tablets in tightly closed container at controlled room temperature (59° to 86°F); store injection in refrigerator (36° to 46°F). Drug InteractionsAnticoagulants, oralMay increase anticoagulant effects. Beta blockersMay reduce effects of beta blockers. Cholestyramine, colestipolMay decrease thyroid hormone efficacy. Digitalis glycosidesMay reduce effects of glycosides. TheophyllinesHypothyroidism; may cause decreased theophylline clearance; Cl may return to normal when euthyroid state is achieved. Laboratory Test InteractionsConsider changes in thyroxine-binding globulin concentration when interpreting thyroxine (T 4 ) and triiodothyronine (T 3 ) values; medicinal or dietary iodine interferes with all in vivo tests of radioiodine uptake, producing low uptakes that may not reflect true decrease in hormone synthesis. Adverse ReactionsCardiovascularPalpitations; tachycardia; cardiac arrhythmias; angina pectoris; cardiac arrest. CNSTremors; headache; nervousness; insomnia. GIDiarrhea; vomiting. MiscellaneousHypersensitivity; weight loss; menstrual irregularities; sweating; heat intolerance; fever; decreased bone density (in women using drug long term). Precautions
PregnancyCategory A . LactationMinimal amounts excreted in breast milk. ChildrenWhen drug is administered for congenital hypothyroidism, routine determinations of serum T 4 or TSH are strongly advised in newborns. In infants, excessive doses of thyroid hormone preparations may produce craniosynostosis. Children may experience transient partial hair loss in first few months of thyroid therapy. ElderlyTherapy should be started with 5 mcg q day and increased by 5 mcg increments at recommended intervals. Cardiovascular diseaseUse caution when integrity of cardiovascular system, particularly coronary arteries, is suspect (eg, angina, elderly). Development of chest pain or worsening cardiovascular disease requires decrease in dosage. Endocrine disordersTherapy in patients with concomitant diabetes mellitus, diabetes insipidus, or adrenal insufficiency (Addison disease) exacerbates intensity of their symptoms. Therapy of myxedema coma requires simultaneous administration of glucocorticoids. Use corticosteroids to correct adrenal insufficiency in patients whose hypothyroidism is secondary to hypopituitarism. Hyperthyroid effectsLiothyronine may rarely precipitate hyperthyroid state or may aggravate existing hyperthyroidism. InfertilityDrug is unjustified for treatment of male or female infertility unless condition is accompanied by hypothyroidism. Morphologic hypogonadism and nephrosisRule out before therapy. Myxedema comaPatients are particularly sensitive to thyroid preparations. Sudden administration of large doses is not without cardiovascular risks. Small initial doses are indicated. OverdosageSymptomsSymptoms of hyperthyroidism: Headache, irritability, nervousness, sweating, tachycardia, increased bowel motility, menstrual irregularities, palpitations, vomiting, psychosis, seizure, fever, angina pectoris, CHF, shock, arrhythmias, thyroid storm. Patient Information
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