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Haloperidol

Generic name: Haloperidol
Brand names: Haldol

Why is Haloperidol prescribed?

Haloperidol is used to reduce the symptoms of mental disorders such as schizophrenia. It is also prescribed to control tics (uncontrolled muscle contractions of face, arms, or shoulders) and the unintended utterances that mark Tourette"s syndrome. In addition, it is used in short-term treatment of children with severe behavior problems, including hyperactivity and combativeness.

Some doctors also prescribe Haloperidol to relieve severe nausea and vomiting caused by cancer drugs, to treat drug problems such as LSD flashback and PCP intoxication, and to control symptoms of hemiballismus, a condition that causes involuntary writhing of one side of the body.

Most important fact about Haloperidol

Haloperidol may cause tardive dyskinesia--a condition characterized by involuntary muscle spasms and twitches in the face and body. This condition can be permanent, and appears to be most common among the elderly, especially women. Ask your doctor for information about this possible risk.

How should you take Haloperidol?

Haloperidol may be taken with food or after eating. If taking Haloperidol in a liquid concentrate form, you will need to dilute it with milk or water.

You should not take Haloperidol with coffee, tea, or other caffeinated beverages, or with alcohol.

Haloperidol causes dry mouth. Sucking on a hard candy or ice chips may help alleviate the problem.

--If you miss a dose...

Take it as soon as you remember. Take the rest of the doses for that day at equally spaced intervals. Do not take 2 doses at once.

--Storage instructions...

Store away from heat, light, and moisture in a tightly closed container. Do not freeze the liquid.

What side effects may occur?

Side effects cannot be anticipated. If any side effects develop or change in intensity, inform your doctor as soon as possible. Only your doctor can determine if it is safe for you to continue taking Haloperidol.

More common side effects may include:
Breast development in men, breathing problems, cataracts, constipation, drowsiness, dry mouth, insomnia, involuntary muscle contractions, skin reactions, tardive dyskinesia (see "Most important fact about Haloperidol"), tightening of the throat muscles, weight loss,

Why should Haloperidol not be prescribed?

You should not take Haloperidol if you have Parkinson"s disease or are sensitive to or allergic to the drug.

Special warnings about Haloperidol

You should use Haloperidol cautiously if you have ever had breast cancer, a severe heart or circulatory disorder, chest pain, the eye condition known as glaucoma, seizures, or any drug allergies.

Temporary muscle spasms and twitches may occur if you suddenly stop taking Haloperidol. Follow your doctor"s instructions closely when discontinuing the drug.

This drug may impair your ability to drive a car or operate potentially dangerous machinery. Do not participate in any activities that require full alertness if you are unsure of your reaction to Haloperidol.

Haloperidol may make your skin more sensitive to sunlight. When spending time in the sun, use a sunscreen or wear protective clothing.

Avoid exposure to extreme heat or cold. Haloperidol interferes with the body"s temperature-regulating mechanism, so you could become overheated or suffer severe chills.

Possible food and drug interactions when taking Haloperidol

Extreme drowsiness and other potentially serious effects can result if Haloperidol is combined with alcohol, narcotics, painkillers, sleeping medications, or other drugs that slow down the central nervous system.

If Haloperidol is taken with certain other drugs, the effects of either could be increased, decreased, or altered. It is especially important to check with your doctor before combining Haloperidol with the following:

Antiseizure drugs such as Dilantin or Tegretol
Antispasmodic drugs such as Bentyl and Cogentin
Blood-thinning medications such as Coumadin
Certain antidepressants, including Elavil, Tofranil, and Prozac
Epinephrine (EpiPen)
Lithium (Eskalith, Lithobid)
Methyldopa (Aldomet)
Propranolol (Inderal)
Rifampin (Rifadin)

Special information if you are pregnant or breastfeeding

The effects of Haloperidol during pregnancy have not been adequately studied. Pregnant women should use Haloperidol only if clearly needed. If you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant, inform your doctor immediately. Haloperidol should not be used by women who are breastfeeding an infant.

Recommended dosage

ADULTS

Moderate Symptoms

The usual dosage is 1 to 6 milligrams daily. This amount should be divided into 2 or 3 smaller doses.

Severe Symptoms

The usual dosage is 6 to 15 milligrams daily, divided into 2 or 3 smaller doses.

CHILDREN

Children younger than 3 years old should not take Haloperidol.

For children between the ages of 3 and 12, weighing approximately 33 to 88 pounds, doses should start at 0.5 milligram per day. Your doctor will increase the dose if needed.

For Psychotic Disorders

The daily dose may range from 0.05 milligram to 0.15 milligram for every 2.2 pounds of body weight.

For Non-Psychotic Behavior Disorders and Tourette"s Syndrome

The daily dose may range from 0.05 milligram to 0.075 milligram for every 2.2 pounds of body weight.

OLDER ADULTS

In general, older people take dosages of Haloperidol in the lower ranges. Older adults (especially older women) may be more susceptible to tardive dyskinesia--a possibly irreversible condition marked by involuntary muscle spasms and twitches in the face and body. Consult your doctor for information about these potential risks.

Doses may range from 1 to 6 milligrams daily.

Overdosage

Any medication taken in excess can have serious consequences. If you suspect an overdose, seek medical help immediately.

Symptoms of Haloperidol overdose may include:
Catatonic (unresponsive) state, coma, decreased breathing, low blood pressure, rigid muscles, sedation, tremor, weakness

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