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|Glipizide And Metformin |
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† Not commercially available in Canada. Category
DescriptionGlipizide and Metformin (GLIP-i-zide and met-FOR-min) combination is used to treat high blood sugar levels that are caused by type 2 diabetes. Normally, after you eat, your pancreas releases insulin to help your body store excess sugar for later use. This process occurs during normal digestion of food. In type 2 diabetes, your body does not work properly to store the excess sugar and the sugar remains in your bloodstream. Chronic high blood sugar can lead to serious health problems in the future. Proper diet is the first step in managing type 2 diabetes but often medicines are needed to help your body. With two actions, the combination of glipizide and metformin helps your body cope with high blood sugar. Glipizide stimulates the release of insulin from the pancreas, directing your body to store blood sugar. Metformin has three different actions: it slows the absorption of sugar in your small intestine; it also stops your liver from converting stored sugar into blood sugar; and it helps your body use your natural insulin more efficiently. This medicine is available only with your doctor"s prescription, in the following dosage forms:
Before Using This MedicineIn deciding to use a medicine, the risks of using the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For glipizide and metformin the following should be considered: Allergies—Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to glipizide or metformin. Also tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to any other substances, such as foods, preservatives, or dyes. Pregnancy—Glipizide and metformin combination has not been studied in pregnant women or animals. However, independent studies with glipizide and also with metformin have not shown that either medicine causes birth defects or other problems in animal studies. It is easier during pregnancy to control your blood sugar by using injections of insulin rather than by taking oral diabetes medicines. Close control of your blood sugar can reduce the chance of your baby gaining too much weight, having birth defects, or having high blood sugar before birth. Before taking this medicine, make sure your doctor knows if you are pregnant or if you may become pregnant. Breast-feeding—It is not known whether glipizide or metformin passes into human breast milk. Although most medicines pass into breast milk in small amounts, many of them may be used safely while breast-feeding. Mothers who are taking this medicine and who wish to breast-feed should discuss this with their doctor. Children—Studies on this medicine have been done only in adult patients, and there is no specific information comparing use of glipizide and metformin in children with use in other age groups. Older adults—Some older adults may be more sensitive than younger adults to the effects of these medicines. The first signs of low or high blood sugar are not easily seen or do not occur at all in older adults. This may increase the chance of low blood sugar developing during treatment. Older adults are more likely to have age-related problems and glipizide and metformin should be used carefully as age increases. This medicine should not be started in adults over 80 years of age unless kidney function is not reduced. Other medicines—Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are taking glipizide and metformin, it is especially important that your doctor and pharmacist know if you are taking any of the following:
Other medical problems—The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of glipizide and metformin. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially:
Proper Use of This MedicineFollow carefully the special meal plan your doctor gave you. This is the most important part of controlling your condition, and is necessary if the medicine is to work properly. Also, exercise regularly and test for sugar in your blood or urine as directed. Glipizide and metformin combination should be taken with meals to help reduce the gastrointestinal side effects that may occur during treatment. Dosing—The dose of glipizide and metformin will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor"s orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of glipizide and metformin. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so. The number of tablets that you take depends on the strength of the medicine. Also, the number of doses you take each day, the time allowed between doses, and the length of time you take the medicine depend on the medical problem for which you are taking glipizide and metformin.
Missed dose—If you miss a dose of this medicine, take it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double doses. Storage—To store this medicine:
Precautions While Using This MedicineYour doctor will want to check your progress at regular visits , especially during the first few weeks that you take this medicine. Under certain conditions, too much glipizide and metformin can cause lactic acidosis. Symptoms of lactic acidosis are severe and quick to appear and usually occur when other health problems not related to the medicine are present and are very severe, such as a heart attack or kidney failure. Symptoms of lactic acidosis include abdominal or stomach discomfort; decreased appetite; diarrhea; fast, shallow breathing; general feeling of discomfort; muscle pain or cramping; and unusual sleepiness, tiredness, or weakness. If symptoms of lactic acidosis occur, you should get immediate emergency medical help. It is very important to follow carefully any instructions from your health care team about:
In case of emergency —There may be a time when you need emergency help for a problem caused by your diabetes. You need to be prepared for these emergencies. It is a good idea to wear a medical identification (ID) bracelet or neck chain at all times. Also, carry an ID card in your wallet or purse that says that you have diabetes and a list of all your medicines. Symptoms of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) include anxiety; behavior change similar to being drunk; blurred vision; cold sweats; confusion; cool, pale skin; difficulty in thinking; drowsiness; excessive hunger; fast heartbeat; headache (continuing); nausea; nervousness; nightmares; restless sleep; shakiness; slurred speech; or unusual tiredness or weakness. Glipizide and metformin combination can cause low blood sugar. However, it also can occur if you delay or miss a meal or snack, drink alcohol, exercise more than usual, cannot eat because of nausea or vomiting, take certain medicines, or take glipizide and metformin with another type of diabetes medicine. Symptoms of low blood sugar must be treated before they lead to unconsciousness (passing out). Different people feel different symptoms of low blood sugar. It is important that you learn which symptoms of low blood sugar you usually have so that you can treat it quickly. If symptoms of low blood sugar occur, eat glucose tablets or gel, corn syrup, honey, or sugar cubes; or drink fruit juice, nondiet soft drink, or sugar dissolved in water . Also, check your blood for low blood sugar. Glucagon is used in emergency situations when severe symptoms such as seizures (convulsions) or unconsciousness occur. Have a glucagon kit available, along with a syringe or needle, and know how to use it. Members of your household also should know how to use it. Symptoms of hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) include blurred vision; drowsiness; dry mouth; flushed, dry skin; fruit-like breath odor; increased urination (frequency and volume); ketones in urine; loss of appetite; sleepiness; stomachache, nausea, or vomiting; tiredness; troubled breathing (rapid and deep); unconsciousness; or unusual thirst. High blood sugar may occur if you do not exercise as much as usual, have a fever or infection, do not take enough or skip a dose of your diabetes medicine, or overeat or do not follow your meal plan. If symptoms of high blood sugar occur, check your blood sugar level and then call your health care professional for instructions . Side Effects of This MedicineAlong with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention. Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur: More common Anxiety; blurred vision; chills; cold sweats; coma; confusion; cool pale skin; cough; depression; dizziness; fast heartbeat; fever; headache; increased hunger; nausea; nervousness; nightmares; seizures; shakiness; slurred speech; sneezing; sore throat; unusual tiredness or weakness Less common Bladder pain; bloody or cloudy urine; difficult, burning, or painful urination; frequent urge to urinate; lower back or side pain; pounding in the ears; slow heartbeat Rare Abdominal discomfort; decreased appetite; diarrhea; fainting spells; fast, shallow breathing; general feeling of discomfort; muscle pain or cramping; shortness of breath; sleepiness Symptoms of Overdose Get emergency help immediately if any of the following symptoms of overdose occur Abdominal discomfort; anxiety; behavior change, similar to drunkenness; blurred vision; cold sweats; coma; confusion; cool, pale skin; decreased appetite; diarrhea; difficulty in concentrating; drowsiness; excessive hunger; fast heartbeat; fast, shallow breathing; general feeling of discomfort; headache; muscle pain or cramping; nausea; nervousness; nightmares; restless sleep; seizures; shakiness; slurred speech; unusual sleepiness; unusual tiredness or weakness Other side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. However, check with your doctor if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome. More Common Muscle or bone pain; stomach pain; vomiting Other side effects not listed above may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your doctor. Developed: 07/18/2003 The information contained in the Thomson Healthcare (Micromedex) products as delivered by Drugs.com is intended as an educational aid only. It is not intended as medical advice for individual conditions or treatment. It is not a substitute for a medical exam, nor does it replace the need for services provided by medical professionals. Talk to your doctor, nurse or pharmacist before taking any prescription or over the counter drugs (including any herbal medicines or supplements) or following any treatment or regimen. Only your doctor, nurse, or pharmacist can provide you with advice on what is safe and effective for you. The use of the Thomson Healthcare products is at your sole risk. These products are provided "AS IS" and "as available" for use, without warranties of any kind, either express or implied. Thomson Healthcare and Drugs.com make no representation or warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, timeliness, usefulness or completeness of any of the information contained in the products. Additionally, THOMSON HEALTHCARE MAKES NO REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTIES AS TO THE OPINIONS OR OTHER SERVICE OR DATA YOU MAY ACCESS, DOWNLOAD OR USE AS A RESULT OF USE OF THE THOMSON HEALTHCARE PRODUCTS. ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE ARE HEREBY EXCLUDED. Thomson Healthcare does not assume any responsibility or risk for your use of the Thomson Healthcare products. Where can I get more information about Glipizide And Metformin ? 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