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|Loperamide HCl |
Drugs search, click the first letter of a drug name: | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 8 | 9 Home Loperamide HClPronouncation: (low-PEHR-uh-mide HIGH-droe-KLOR-ide)Class: Antidiarrheal Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: PMS-Loperamide Hydrochloride (Canada) Rhoxal-loperamide (Canada) Mechanism of ActionPharmacologySlows intestinal motility, affects water and electrolyte movement through intestine, inhibits peristalsis, reduces daily fecal volume, increases viscosity and bulk density of stool, diminishes loss of fluid and electrolytes. PharmacokineticsAbsorptionT max is 5 hr (capsule) and 2.5 hr (liquid). Bioavailability is 40%. EliminationApparent t ½ is 10.8 hr (9.1 to 14.4 hr). 25% is excreted unchanged in the feces; 1.3% is excreted in the urine unchanged and conjugated. Indications and UsageControl and symptomatic relief of acute nonspecific or chronic diarrhea; reduction in volume of ileostomy output. ContraindicationsPseudomembranous colitis caused by antibiotic use; acute diarrhea associated with organisms that penetrate intestinal wall (eg, toxigenic Escherichia coli , Salmonella , Shigella ); conditions in which constipation should be avoided; bloody diarrhea; fever; acute ulcerative colitis (potential for toxic megacolon). Dosage and AdministrationAcute DiarrheaAdults PO 4 mg followed by 2 mg after each unformed stool, not to exceed 16 mg/24 hr. Children 8 to 12 yr (greater than 30 kg)2 mg tid. Children 6 to 8 yr (20 to 30 kg)2 mg bid. Children 2 to 5 yr (13 to 20 kg) First day1 mg tid. May decrease to adjust for nutritional and hydration status after 24 hr; usually 0.1 mg/kg after each loose stool but do not exceed total first day dosing recommendations on any day. Chronic DiarrheaAdults PO 4 to 8 mg qd or bid. Storage/StabilityStore at room temperature. Drug InteractionsNone well documented. Laboratory Test InteractionsNone well documented. Adverse ReactionsCNSFatigue; drowsiness; dizziness. DermatologicRash. GIAbdominal pain; distention or discomfort; constipation; nausea; vomiting; dry mouth. PrecautionsPregnancyCategory B . LactationUndetermined. ChildrenNot recommended for children less than 2 yr. Use with caution in young children. Hepatic FunctionHepatic coma may be precipitated in patients with advanced hepatorenal disease or hepatic dysfunction. Acute ulcerative colitisAgents that inhibit intestinal motility or delay intestinal transit time may induce toxic megacolon. Discontinue if abdominal distention or other untoward symptoms occur. OverdosageSymptomsConstipation, CNS depression, GI irritation. Patient Information
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