Dorzolamide

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|Dorzolamide

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Dorzolamide

Pronouncation: (dore-ZOLE-uh-mide)
Class: Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor

Trade Names:
Trusopt
- Solution 2%

Mechanism of Action

Pharmacology

Inhibits carbonic anhydrase enzyme, reducing rate of aqueous humor formation and thus lowering IOP.

Indications and Usage

Treatment of elevated IOP in patients with ocular hypertension or open-angle glaucoma.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to other sulfonamides.

Dosage and Administration

Adults

Ophthalmic One drop in affected eye(s) tid.

General Advice

  • To avoid contamination, do not touch tip of container to any surface or to eye structures.
  • Gently apply pressure over nasolacrimal drainage system for 1 to 2 min after administration.
  • If used concomitantly with other topical ophthalmic drug products, wait 5 min between administering medications.

Storage/Stability

Store at room temperature, protected from light.

Drug Interactions

None well documented.

Laboratory Test Interactions

None well documented.

Adverse Reactions

CNS

Headache.

EENT

Ocular burning, stinging or discomfort; superficial punctate keratitis; blurred vision; tearing; conjunctivitis; ocular dryness; photophobia; ocular allergic reaction.

Miscellaneous

Nausea; bitter taste.

Precautions

Monitor

Note baseline IOP before starting medication and monitor periodically during long-term treatment.


Pregnancy

Category C .

Lactation

Unknown.

Children

Safety and efficacy not established.

Renal Function

Not recommended for use in patients with severe renal impairment.

Hepatic Function

Use with caution.

Bacterial keratitis

Can occur by using contaminated eye drops.

Concomitant use of oral carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

Not recommended.

Contact lenses

Do not administer while wearing soft contact lenses; preservative may be absorbed by soft contact lenses.

Overdosage

Symptoms

Electrolyte imbalance, acidotic state, possible CNS effects.

Patient Information

  • Instruct patient in proper administration of eye drop medications.
  • Instruct patient about the need to keep the tip of the dropper clean to prevent eye infections.
  • Inform patient that eye drops commonly produce transient stinging or discomfort upon administration, and to notify healthcare provider if they are severe.
  • Stress need to return to healthcare provider frequently for monitoring of eye pressure.
  • Inform patient not to wear soft contact lenses while using this medication.
  • Inform patient that they may experience a bitter taste in mouth immediately after administration.
  • Explain the need to be cautions when driving or participating in activities requiring close hand-eye coordination.
  • Instruct patient to notify the healthcare provider if any symptoms of eye infection (ie, burning, redness, itching, possible discharge) occur.




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