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|Contraceptives, Oral |
| Drugs search, click the first letter of a drug name: | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 8 | 9 Home Contraceptives, Oral (Combination Products)Pronouncation: (kon-tra-SEP-tiv, OR-al)Class: Hormone, Contraceptive Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Trade Names: Mechanism of ActionPharmacologyInhibits ovulation by suppressing gonadotropins, follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone. Indications and UsagePrevention of pregnancy. Unlabeled UsesPostcoital contraceptive. ContraindicationsThrombophlebitis; thromboembolic disorders; history of deep vein thrombophlebitis; cerebral vascular disease; MI; coronary artery disease; known or suspected breast carcinoma or estrogen-dependent neoplasia; past or present benign or malignant liver tumors that developed during use of estrogen-containing products; past or present angina pectoris; undiagnosed abnormal genital bleeding; known or suspected pregnancy; cholestatic jaundice of pregnancy or jaundice with prior pill use. Dosage and AdministrationSunday-Start PackagingAdults PO 1 tablet daily beginning on first Sunday after menstruation begins. If menstruation begins on Sunday, take first tablet on that day. 21-day RegimenAdults PO 1 tablet daily for 21 days, beginning on day 5 of cycle. Take no tablets for 7 days; then start new course of 21-day regimen. 28-day RegimenAdults PO 1 tablet daily. General AdviceMay be given with or without food. Drug InteractionsBarbiturates, carbamazepine, felbamate, modafinil, oxcarbazine, protease inhibitors, St. John"s wort, hydantoins, rifampin, griseofulvin, penicillin, tetracyclinesDecreased effectiveness of oral contraceptive. Use additional form of birth control during concomitant therapy. Benzodiazepines, caffeine, corticosteroids, cyclosporine, metoprolol, selegiline, theophylline, tricyclic antidepressantsEffects may be increased by oral contraceptives, increasing the risk of toxicity. LamotrigineConcentration may be decreased, reducing the therapeutic effect. Laboratory Test InteractionsMay cause increases in sulfobromophthalein retention; factors II, VII, VIII, IX, X; plasminogen, fibrinogen; norepinephrine-induced platelet aggregation; thyroid-binding globulin, leading to increased total thyroid hormone measurements; transcortin; corticosteroid levels; triglycerides and phospholipids; ceruloplasmin; aldosterone; amylase; gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase; iron-binding capacity; transferrin; prolactin; renin activity; vitamin A. May cause decreases in anti-thrombin III; free T 3 resin uptake; pregnanediol excretion; response to metyrapone test; folate; glucose tolerance; albumin; cholinesterase; haptoglobin; zinc; vitamin B 12 . Adverse ReactionsCardiovascularCoronary thrombosis; MI; hypertension. CNSCerebral thrombosis; cerebral hemorrhage; migraine; mental depression. DermatologicMelasma; rash; photosensitivity. EENTSteepening of corneal curvature; contact lens intolerance. GINausea and vomiting; abdominal cramps; bloating; mesenteric thrombosis. GenitourinaryRenal artery thrombosis; break-through bleeding; spotting; change in menstrual flow; dysmenorrhea; amenorrhea; temporary infertility after discontinuation; change in cervical erosion and cervical secretions; endocervical hyperplasia; increase in size of uterine leiomyomata; vaginal candidiasis. HematologicThrombophlebitis and thrombosis; arterial thromboembolism. HepaticCholestatic jaundice; gallbladder disease. RespiratoryPulmonary embolism. MiscellaneousRaynaud disease; congenital anomalies; liver tumors; hepatocellular carcinoma; breast tenderness, enlargement, secretion, diminished lactation; edema; weight change; reduced carbohydrate tolerance; prolactin-secreting pituitary tumors; increased prevalence of cervical chlamydia trachomatous. Precautions
PregnancyCategory X . LactationExcreted in breast milk. Defer use until infant weaned. Tartrazine SensitivitySome products may contain tartrazine, which may cause allergic-type reaction in susceptible individuals. Acute intermittent porphyriaMay be precipitated by estrogen therapy in susceptible individuals. Carbohydrate and lipid metabolismGlucose tolerance may decrease; triglycerides and total phospholipids may increase. Progestins may elevate LDL levels. DepressionUse drug with caution in patients with history of depression. FibroidsOral contraceptives may cause an increase in size of preexisting uterine leiomyomata (fibroids). Fluid retentionUse drug with caution in patients with hypertension; convulsive disorders; migraines; asthma; cardiac, hepatic, or renal dysfunction. Liver dysfunctionMay impair metabolism of oral contraceptives. Pyridoxine deficiencyMay occur due to disturbance in normal tryptophan metabolism. Serum folateMay be depressed by oral contraceptive therapy. OverdosageSymptomsWithdrawal bleeding. Patient Information
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