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|Amyl Nitrite |
Drugs search, click the first letter of a drug name: | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 8 | 9 Home Amyl NitritePronouncation: (A-mill NYE-trite)Class: Vasodilator, Nitrate Trade Names: Mechanism of ActionPharmacologyNonspecific relaxation of smooth muscle. PharmacokineticsAbsorptionRapidly absorbed through pulmonary alveoli. MetabolismProbably by hydrolytic denitration. EliminationApproximately 33% is excreted in the urine. Onset0.5 min Duration3 to 5 min. Indications and UsageRapid relief of angina pectoris. ContraindicationsCerebral hemorrhage, glaucoma, recent head trauma, pregnancy. Dosage and AdministrationAdultInhalation 0.3 mL as needed; 2 to 6 inhalations from 1 capsule are usually sufficient. May be repeated in 3 to 5 min. General Advice
Storage/StabilityStore capsules in refrigerator (36° to 46°F). Protect from light and sources of ignition. Drug InteractionsAlcoholSevere hypotension and CV collapse may occur. AspirinIncreased nitrate concentration and actions may occur. Calcium channel blockersSymptomatic orthostatic hypotension may occur. Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (eg, sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil)Because the hypotensive effects of nitrates may be potentiated, concomitant use of any form of organic nitrates is contraindicated in patients receiving phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors. Laboratory Test InteractionsMay cause false report of reduced serum cholesterol with Zlatkis-Zak color reaction. Adverse ReactionsCardiovascularHypotension, syncope, tachycardia. CNSDizziness, headache, restlessness, weakness. DermatologicFlushing. GINausea, vomiting. HematologicMethemoglobinemia. MiscellaneousCold sweat, involuntary passing of urine and feces, pallor. PrecautionsPregnancyCategory C . LactationUndetermined. ChildrenSafety and efficacy not established. AnginaMay aggravate angina caused by hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Drug abuseMay be abused for sexual stimulation or for effects of dizziness, euphoria, and light-headedness. FlammableAmyl nitrite is very flammable; do not use where it may become ignited. MethemoglobinemiaHigh doses may produce methemoglobinemia, especially in patients with methemoglobin reductase deficiency. Orthostatic hypotensionMay occur even with small doses, particularly if patient is standing immobile; alcohol accentuates this reaction. ToleranceMay develop with repeated use for prolonged periods of time; minimize tolerance by beginning with smallest effective dose and alternating with another coronary vasodilator. OverdosageSymptomsViolent flushing of the face accompanied by a feeling of imminent bursting of the head and very excessive heart action, a feeling of suffocation, and muscular weakness. Patient Information
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